GABA Signalling: Potential Treatment Targets for Neurological Disorders Including Epilepsy, Parkinson's, AndHuntington's

Abstract

Gamma-aminobutyric  acid  (GABA)  signaling  is  the  primary  inhibitory  neurotransmission  mechanism  in  the  central  nervous  system.  This  process  is  essential  for  preserving  the equilibrium  between  excitatory  and  inhibitory  effects.  Huntington's  disease,  Parkinson's  disease,  and  epilepsy  are  among  the  neurological  conditions  that  have  been  connected  to ndisruption in GABAergic pathways. This review summarizes animal-based research findings, GABA's  role in the pathophysiology of the diseases evaluated, and therapeutic interventions through  receptor agonists, enzyme inhibitors, and gene therapies. Preclinical models showing reduction of  seizures, restoration of motor function, and slowing of neurodegeneration with such  therapies  suggest  the  potential  for  GABA-targeted  therapy  against  and  beyond  these diseases.  
Discussing  interspecies  variability,  receptor  subtype  complexity,  and  long-term efficacy, the challenges are then proposed to be addressed by integrating advanced genetic tools and neuroimaging techniques in future research.